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수강/합격 후기

수강후기 공부하는 것들이 병원에서 은근히 도움이 많이 된다👍🏻

  • 작성자abv*****
  • 작성일2026.03.27
  • 조회수48
  • 신고하기

1. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) (요로감염증)

- Girls > Boys; Uncircumcised boys > Circumcised boys 남아보다는 여아에게, 포경수술을 받지 않은 아이에게 발생 빈도 증가

· S/S

- Fever, Dysuria ("Burning when urinating", Itchy/scratching), Frequent urination/urge to void, UA (Cloudy, Strong odor, +WBC & Nitrates)

- Watch out for UTI → Cystitis → Pyelonephritis: *DULL flank (Mid side back pain) pain*

- Obtain urine culture 1st before starting antibiotics

· Nursing Interventions *TEACHING parents*

- Finish full course of antibiotics

- Wipe from front to back (girls) -> 앞에서 뒤로

- Gently pull foreskin back to clean (Uncircumcised boys)

2. Glomerulonephritis & Nephrotic Syndrome (사구체신염 & 신증후군)

 

Glomerulonephritis

Nephrotic Syndrome

Definition

Inflammation of glomerulus

Kidney disorder

Cause

Post-streptococcal infection

(*Strep throat/skin infection 2 weeks ago)

Unknown (Idiopathic);

Minimal change disease 미세변화병

Signs &

Symptoms

RBCs & Proteins (mild) in the urine,

Cloudy-Tea/Cola-colored urine, HTN,

Morning swelling (face & eyes), Low UO

MASSIVE PROTEINURIA,

Foamy/frothy/dark-yellow urine,

→ 사구삼투성이 높아지면서 단백질이 많이 빠져나오고

이 단백질이 소변의 표면장력을 낮춰줌

Hypoalbuminemia, Hyperlipidemia, Edema

(HTN does happen; less likely)

Age

2 - 10 years old

2 - 5 years old

Nursing

Interventions

Monitor BP

Antihypertensives & diuretics

Monitor I&O

Limit Sodium & Fluid intake

Assess swelling

Monitor fluid status & swelling

I&O and daily weight

Diuretics, corticosteroids & IV Albumin

(corticosteroids → 단백질이 소변으로 빠져나가는 것을 도와줌)

Risk for infection(면역체계가 떨어지기 때문에),

Assess s/s for clot/DVT

Limit sodium & fluid intake

Educate parents on relapsing risk

(respiratory infection, UTI 발생하면 재발 위험 증가)

(Peds urine output: at least 1ml/hr/kg)

3. Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) (방광요관역류)

Congenital defect to the "one-way" valves between the bladder & ureters

Backflow of urine: Bladder → Ureters → Kidneys → Causes frequent UTIs

· S/S

Bloody/Cloudy urine with a foul odor, Difficulty urinating, Bladder spasm, Abdominal mass

· Nursing Interventions

Managing flank pain(→ 진통제 투여), Managing UTIs(→ 항생제 투여),

Monitor renal function & preservation, Suprapubic catheter care

4. Epispadias & Hypospadias (요도상열 & 요도하열)

Congenital defects with abnormal placement of the urethral orifice of the Demis → Prone to infection

No circumcision: Surgeon can use foreskin for surgical reconstruction

· Post-op nursing interventions

pressure dressing, Expect urinary diversion/stent

Notify MD if no UO 1hr post-op

Educate parents about NO bath until stent is removed (if present)

Teach parents to monitor s/s of infection

5. Enuresis (Bedwetting) (야뇨증) > 5 years, Wet bed/clothes 2 times/week x 3 months

**Child does NOT have control over this condition**

 

Primary

Secondary

Diagnosis

Toilet training was NEVER achieved

Toilet trained initially; now having regressions.

Causes

Maturational delay,

Genetic factors (Family history),

Anatomically small bladder

Infection, Constipation, Emotional stress

Nursing

Interventions

AVOID punishment

→ Positive reward system

Timed voiding during the day

Limit fluids at night,

Encourage to void right before bed

Identify the cause:

Infection → Antibiotics

Constipation → Laxatives

Emotional stress → Therapy/Intervention

ex. 놀이치료, 가족치료

Medications

N/A

Desmopressin (Decreases urine production at night)

→ 항이뇨호르몬의 유사체

Oxybutynin (Reduces bladder contractions)

Imipramine (Relaxes bladder muscle)

→ 항우울제

[문제/케이스 풀이]

Q1. A 9-year- old child with nephrotic syndrome is being discharged from the hospital.

Which of the following teaching instructions should the nurse provide to the child's parents? Select all that apply.

a. Restrict the child's fluid intake.

b. Increase the child's protein intake.

c. Administer steroids as prescribed.

d. Monitor for edema.

정답) a, b, c, d

풀이)

신증후군의 증상

- 단백뇨 → 저알부민혈증

- 부종(edema)

- 고지혈증

a. Restrict the child's fluid intake.

→ edema가 발생하기 때문에 수분 섭취를 제한해야함

b. Increase the child's protein intake.

→ massive 단백뇨로 단백질이 부족하기 때문에 단백질 섭취를 증가시켜야 함

c. Administer steroids as prescribed.

→ 스테로이드(예: 프레드니손)는 주요 치료 약물이므로 반드시 정확히 복용해야 함

d. Monitor for edema.

→ 부종은 질병 상태를 나타내는 핵심 지표이므로 체중 증가, 눈 주변/다리 부종 체크 중요함

헷갈렸던 부분 : a에서 restrict 라는 말이 엄격하게 제한하는 느낌이어서 정답이 아니라고 생각했었음.....

5주차 공부후기)

시간이 굉장히 빨리 가는 느낌이다..벌써 5주차라니..!!!! 진짜 매주 느끼는거지만 일 다니면서 공부하기 너무 힘들다. 매주 이렇게 공부후기 올릴 때마다 신세한탄만 하는 느낌이긴 한데 힘든걸 어떡하라고!!!ㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅠㅠㅠ 매일 뭔가 알아가고 발전해가는 느낌이 뭔가 성장하고 있는 것 같아서 너무 뿌듯하다. 그리고 이렇게 공부하는 것들이 병원에서 은근히 도움이 많이 된다. 강사님께서 설명도 잘 해주셔서 기억에도 정말 잘 남는다. 👍🏻 더 열심히 해봐야겠다.... 다음주에 돌아올게욥....🫠

 

[출처] https://blog.naver.com/abcdefggon/224233221977

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